- 
								[1]
								I. A. Grenier, J. H. Black, and A. W. Strong, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 53, 199 (2015) 
- 
								[2]
								P. D. Serpico, Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy 39, (2018) 
- 
								[3]
								D. A. Teaney, arXiv: 0905.2433[nucl-th], 207 (2010), arXiv: 0905.2433. 
- 
								[4]
								J. E. Gunn and J. P. Ostriker, Physical Review Letters 22, 728 (1969) 
- 
								[5]
								C. F. Kennel, G. Schmidt, and T. Wilcox, Physical Review Letters 31, 1364 (1973) 
- 
								[6]
								P. A. Sturrock, The Astrophysical Journal 164, 529 (1971) 
- 
								[7]
								M. A. Ruderman and P. G. Sutherland, The Astrophysical Journal 196, 51 (1975) 
- 
								[8]
								K. S. Cheng, C. Ho, and M. Ruderman, The Astrophysical Journal 300, 500 (1986) 
- 
								[9]
								A. G. Muslimov and A. K. Harding, The Astrophysical Journal 606, 1143 (2004) 
- 
								[10]
								S. Mahajan, G. Machabeli, Z. Osmanov et al., Scientific Reports 3, 1262 (2013) 
- 
								[11]
								Y. Lyubarsky and J. G. Kirk, The Astrophysical Journal 547, 437 (2001) 
- 
								[12]
								L. Sironi and A. Spitkovsky, The Astrophysical Journal 783, L21 (2014) 
- 
								[13]
								F. Guo, Y.-H. Liu, W. Daughton et al., The Astrophysical Journal 806, 167 (2015) 
- 
								[14]
								P. Goldreich and W. H. Julian, The Astrophysical Journal 157, 869 (1969) 
- 
								[15]
								D. R. Lorimer and M. Kramer, Handbook of Pulsar Astronomy (Cambridge University Press, 2005) google-Books-ID: OZ8tdN6qJcsC. 
- 
								[16]
								A. Spitkovsky, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 648, L51 (2006) 
- 
								[17]
								C. Kalapotharakos and I. Contopoulos, Astronomy & Astrophysics 496, 495 (2009) 
- 
								[18]
								A. Tchekhovskoy, A. Spitkovsky, and J. G. Li, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 435, L1 (2013) 
- 
								[19]
								A. A. Philippov, A. Spitkovsky, and B. Cerutti, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 801, L19 (2015) 
- 
								[20]
								L. D. Landau and E. Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields (Butterworth-Heinemann, 1975) google-Books-ID: X18PF4oKyrUC. 
- 
								[21]
								W. Greiner, Classical Electrodynamics (Springer Science & Business Media, 2012) google-Books-ID: acjcBwAAQBAJ 
- 
								[22]
								A. J. Fenn and P. T. Hurst, Ultrawideband Phased Array Antenna Technology for Sensing and Communications Systems (MIT Press, 2015) google-Books-ID: 1M97CAAAQBAJ 
- 
								[23]
								F. C. Michel, The Astrophysical Journal 180, 207 (1973) 
- 
								[24]
								S. V. Bogovalov, Astronomy and Astrophysics 349, 1017 (1999) 
- 
								[25]
								F. Pacini, Nature 216, 567 (1967) 
- 
								[26]
								T. Gold, Nature 218, 731 (1968) 
- 
								[27]
								M. Ruderman, T. H. Zhu, and K. Y. Chen, Astrophysical Journal 492, 267 (1998), wOS: 000071389300024. 
- 
								[28]
								V. S. Beskin, Physics-Uspekhi 61, 353 (2018) 
- 
								[29]
								V. Radhakrishnan and D. J. Cooke, Astrophysical Letters 3, 225 (1969) 
- 
								[30]
								L. Oster and W. Sieber, The Astrophysical Journal 210, 220 (1976) 
- 
								[31]
								D. A. H. Buckley, P. J. Meintjes, S. B. Potter et al., Nature Astronomy 1, 0029 (2017), arXiv:1612.03185 
- 
								[32]
								A. Abdo and F. T. Collaboration, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 187, 460 (2010) 
- 
								[33]
								H. J. Pletsch et al., Science 338, 1314 (2012), arXiv:1211.1385 [astro-ph.HE 
- 
								[34]
								V. M. Kaspi, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, 7147 (2010) 
- 
								[35]
								L. Davis and M. Goldstein, The Astrophysical Journal 159, (1970) 
- 
								[36]
								R. D. Blandford and R. W. Romani, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 234, 57P (1988) 
- 
								[37]
								A. G. Lyne, R. S. Pritchard, F. Graham-Smith et al., Nature 381, 497 (1996) 
- 
								[38]
								C. M. Espinoza, A. G. Lyne, M. Kramer et al., The Astrophysical Journal Letters 741, L13 (2011) 
- 
								[39]
								S.-N. Zhang and Y. Xie, The Astrophysical Journal 761, 102 (2012) 
- 
								[40]
								O. Hamil, J. Stone, M. Urbanec et al., Physical Review D 91, 063007 (2015) 
- 
								[41]
								R. F. Archibald, E. V. Gotthelf, R. D. Ferdman et al., The Astrophysical Journal Letters 819, L16 (2016) 
- 
								[42]
								Z. Chang and Q.-H. Zhu, The European Physical Journal C 80, 411 (2020) 
- 
								[43]
								P. A. M. Dirac, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 167, 148 (1938) 
- 
								[44]
								S. E. Gralla, A. I. Harte, and R. M. Wald, Physical Review D 80, 024031 (2009) 
- 
								[45]
								Z. Cao, F. A. Aharonian, Q. An et al., Nature 594, 33 (2021) 
- 
								[46]
								B. Cerutti, A. A. Philippov, and A. Spitkovsky, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 457, 2401 (2016) 
- 
								[47]
								A. A. Philippov and A. Spitkovsky, The Astrophysical Journal 855, 94 (2018)