Production cross sections of the superheavy nucleus 117 based on the dinuclear system model

Abstract: 

Within the framework of the dinuclear system model, the capture of two colliding nuclei, and the formation and de-excitation process of a compound nucleus are described by using an empirical coupled channel model, solving the master equation numerically and the statistical evaporation model, respectively. In the process of heavy-ion capture and fusion to synthesize superheavy nuclei, the barrier distribution function is introduced and averaging collision orientations are considered. Based on this model, the production cross sections of the cold fusion system ^76—82Se+²⁰⁹Bi and the hot fusion systems ⁵⁵Mn+²³⁸U, ⁵¹V+²⁴⁴Pu, ⁵⁹Co+²³²Th, ⁴⁸Ca+^247—249Bk and ⁴⁵Sc+^246—248Cm are calculated. The isotopic dependence of the largest production cross sections is analyzed briefly, and the optimal projectile-target combination and excitation energy of the 1n-4n evaporation channels are proposed. It is shown that the hot fusion systems ⁴⁸Ca+^247—249Bk in the 3n evaporation channels and ⁴⁵Sc+²⁴⁸Cm in the 2n-4n channels are optimal for synthesizing the superheavy element 117.