A method to monitor and measure the water transparency in LHAASO-WCDA using cosmic muon signals

Hui-Cai Li; Zhi-Guo Yao; Chun-Xu Yu; Ming-Jun Chen; Han-Rong Wu; Min Zha; Bo Gao; Xiao-Jie Wang; Jin-Yan Liu; Wen-Ying Liao

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/2/026002

Chinese Physics C> 2017, Vol. 41> Issue(2) : 026002 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/2/026002

A method to monitor and measure the water transparency in LHAASO-WCDA using cosmic muon signals

1.
Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
2.
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Abstract
HTML
Reference
Related

PDF

Abstract：
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) is to be built at Daocheng, Sichuan Province, China. As one of the major components of the LHAASO project, a Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA), with an area of 78000 m², contains 350000 tons of purified water. The water transparency and its stability are critical for successful long-term operation of this project. To gain full knowledge of the water Cherenkov technique and investigate the engineering issues, a 9-cell detector array has been built at the Yangbajing site, Tibet, China. With the help of the distribution of single cosmic muon signals, the monitoring and measurement of water transparency are studied. The results show that a precision of several percent can be obtained for the attenuation length measurement, which satisfies the requirements of the experiment. In the near future, this method could be applied to the LHAASO-WCDA project.
- water Cherenkov ,
- LHAASO-WCDA ,
- cosmic muon ,
- water transparency

References

[1]	T. DeYoung, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 692:72-76(2012)
[2]	Z. Cao, Chin. Phys. C, 34 (2):249-252(2010)
[3]	Q. An, Y. X. Bai, X. J. Bi et al, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 724:12-19(2013)
[4]	Z. G. YAO, H. R. Wu, M. J. Chen et al, Design and Performance of LHAASO-WCDA Experiment, in 32nd ICRC (2011)
[5]	Q. An, Y. X. Bai, X. J. Bi et al, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 644 (1):11-17(2011)
[6]	E. V. Bugaev, A. Misaki, V. A. Naumov et al, Phys. Rev. D, 58:054001(1998)
[7]	J. Kremer, M. Boezio, M. L. Ambriola et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 4241-4244(1999)
[8]	S. Agostinelli et al (Geant4 Collaboration), Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 506:250-303(2003)
[9]	B. Gao, M. J. Chen, M. H. Gu et al, Chin. Phys. C, 38 (2):026003(2014)
[10]	S. Ostapchenko, Phys. Rev. D, 74(1):014026(2006)
[11]	M. Aguilar, D. Aisa, B. Alpat et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 114 (17):171103(2015)
[12]	M. Aguilar, D. Aisa, B. Alpat et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 115 (21):211101(2015)
[13]	H. S. Ahn, P. Allison, M. G. Bagliesi et al, The Astrophysical Journal, 707 (1):593-603(2009)

References

[1]	T. DeYoung, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 692:72-76(2012)
[2]	Z. Cao, Chin. Phys. C, 34 (2):249-252(2010)
[3]	Q. An, Y. X. Bai, X. J. Bi et al, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 724:12-19(2013)
[4]	Z. G. YAO, H. R. Wu, M. J. Chen et al, Design and Performance of LHAASO-WCDA Experiment, in 32nd ICRC (2011)
[5]	Q. An, Y. X. Bai, X. J. Bi et al, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 644 (1):11-17(2011)
[6]	E. V. Bugaev, A. Misaki, V. A. Naumov et al, Phys. Rev. D, 58:054001(1998)
[7]	J. Kremer, M. Boezio, M. L. Ambriola et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 4241-4244(1999)
[8]	S. Agostinelli et al (Geant4 Collaboration), Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 506:250-303(2003)
[9]	B. Gao, M. J. Chen, M. H. Gu et al, Chin. Phys. C, 38 (2):026003(2014)
[10]	S. Ostapchenko, Phys. Rev. D, 74(1):014026(2006)
[11]	M. Aguilar, D. Aisa, B. Alpat et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 114 (17):171103(2015)
[12]	M. Aguilar, D. Aisa, B. Alpat et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 115 (21):211101(2015)
[13]	H. S. Ahn, P. Allison, M. G. Bagliesi et al, The Astrophysical Journal, 707 (1):593-603(2009)

[1]	De-Hong Huang , Hong-Qiao Hu , Ji-Long Zhang , Hong Lu , Da-Li Zhang , Bin-Shen Xue , Jing-Tian Lu . Analysis of Forbush decreases observed using a muon telescope in Antarctica starting on 21 June 2015. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(12): 125001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/12/125001
[2]	Y. C. Acar , U. Kaya , B. B. Oner . Resonant production of color octet muons at Future Circular Collider-based muon-proton colliders. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(8): 083108. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/8/083108
[3]	Tian-Lu Chen , Wei Liu , Qi Gao , Mao-Yuan Liu , Hai-Jin Li , Danzengluobu , Ying Shi . Cosmic ray electron spectrum due to the dispersion ofinjection spectrum. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(7): 075001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/7/075001
[4]	Qing Gao , Jing-Zhi Zhang , Chun-Hua Li , Jun-Hao Yin . Alignment and measurement of the magnetic field for the BESIII muon counter. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(11): 116001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/11/116001
[5]	Hui-Yin Wu , Sheng-Ying Zhao , Xiao-Dong Wang , Xian-Ming Zhang , Hui-Rong Qi , Wei Zhang , Ke-Yan Wu , Bi-Tao Hu , Yi Zhang . Discriminating cosmic muons and X-rays based on rise time using a GEM detector. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(8): 086001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/8/086001
[6]	LI Yan-Yan , ZHANG Xue-Ying , JU Yong-Qin , MA Fei , ZHANG Hong-Bin , CHEN Liang , GE Hong-Lin , WAN Bo , LUO Peng , ZHOU Bin , ZHANG Yan-Bin , LI Jian-Yang , XU Jun-Kui , WANG Song-Lin , YANG Yong-Wei , YANG Lei . Study of neutron spectra in a water bath from a Pb target irradiated by 250 MeV protons. Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39(4): 044001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/4/044001
[7]	GAO Bo , CHEN Ming-Jun , GU Min-Hao , HAO Xin-Jun , LI Hui-Cai , WU Han-Rong , YAO Zhi-Guo , YOU Xiao-Hao , ZHOU Bin . Online charge calibration of LHAASO-WCDA-a study with the engineering array. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(2): 026003. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/2/026003
[8]	XU Tong-Ye , DU Yan-Yan , WANG Xu , SHAO Ruo-Bin , ZHANG Deng-Feng , ZHU Cheng-Guang . Test of the LHAASO electron detector prototype using cosmic rays. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(11): 116004. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/11/116004
[9]	LIU Cheng , BI Xiao-Jun , CHEN Tian-Lu . Performance of the muon detector A under TIBET Ⅲ array. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(2): 026001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/2/026001
[10]	Danial Salehi , Dariush Sardari , Salehi Jozani . Characteristics of a heavy water photoneutron source in boron neutron capture therapy. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(7): 078201. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/7/078201
[11]	WANG Ling-Yu , LU Hao-Qi , YANG Chang-Gen , YU Ze-Yuan , XU Ji-Lei , LIU Jin-Chang , GUAN Meng-Yun , WANG Zhi-Min , WANG Yi-Fang . Study of Tyvek reflectivity in water. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(7): 628-632. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/7/011
[12]	Michel Davier . New results on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon g－2. Chinese Physics C, 2010, 34(6): 718-727. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/34/6/018
[13]	Gabriel López Castro . Recent progress on isospin breaking corrections and their impact on the muon g－2 value. Chinese Physics C, 2010, 34(6): 712-717. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/34/6/017
[14]	Lee Roberts , on behalf , of the , New Muon . Status of the Fermilab muon (g－2) experiment. Chinese Physics C, 2010, 34(6): 741-744. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/34/6/021
[15]	MA Ling-Ling , WANG Wen-Xin , ZHOU Jian-Rong , SUN Shao-Hua , LIU Zuo-Ye , LI Lu , DU Hong-Chuan , ZHANG Xiao-Dong , HU Bi-Tao . Muon radiography technology for detecting high-Z materials. Chinese Physics C, 2010, 34(5): 610-614. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/34/5/020
[16]	LIANG Yu-Tie , LIU Kun , YOU Zheng-Yun , MAO Ya-Jun , LI Wei-Dong . Track reconstruction in the BESⅢ muon counter. Chinese Physics C, 2009, 33(8): 666-672. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/33/8/013
[17]	LU Hao-Qi , YANG Chang-Gen , WANG Ling-Yu , XU Ji-Lei , WANG Rui-Guang , WANG Zhi-Min , WANG Yi-Fang . Circulation model for water circulation and purification in a water Cerenkov detector. Chinese Physics C, 2009, 33(7): 567-571. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/33/7/012
[18]	YAN Jie , SHAO Ming , LI Cheng . A new type of Time-Of-Propagation (TOP) Cherenkov detector for particle identification. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(S2): 225-228.
[19]	CHEN Ming-Jun , WANG Yi-Fang , HE Jing-Tang , MENG Xiang-Cheng , YU Mei-Ling , YANG Chang-Gen , CAO Jun . A Water Tank Prototype for the Cerenkov Calorimeter. Chinese Physics C, 2005, 29(10): 983-988.
[20]	Zhu Yongsheng , Zhang Liangsheng , Gao Wenxiu , Zhang Yingping , Zhao Pingde , Zhang Jiawen , Li Fang , Chen Lejun , Xu Zhiqing . The Muon Counter in the Beijing Spectrometer. Chinese Physics C, 1990, 14(S1): 1-10.

Access

Cited by

1.	Cao, Z., Aharonian, F., An, Q. et al. Method to measure muon content of extensive air showers with LHAASO KM2A-WCDA synergy[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2023.168958
2.	Li, H., Chen, M., Gao, B. et al. Measurement of water quality in LHAASO-WCDA[J]. Radiation Detection Technology and Methods, 2023, 7(2): 192-199. doi: 10.1007/s41605-022-00362-0
3.	Chen, M., Gao, B., Guo, J. et al. Development of a magnetic shield for 20-inch microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2022.167128
4.	Hu, S., Huang, Y., Gao, C. et al. The Charge Calibration of LHAASO-WCDA[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2022.
5.	Ma, X.-H., Bi, Y.-J., Cao, Z. et al. Chapter 1 LHAASO Instruments and Detector technology[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2022, 46(3): 030001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ac3fa6
6.	Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Zhu, K.J. et al. Performance of LHAASO-WCDA and observation of the Crab Nebula as a standard candle[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2021, 45(8): 085002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ac041b
7.	Wang, X.J., Liao, W.Y., Cao, Z. et al. Gamma Hadron separation using single parameter method and multivariate algorithms with LHAASO-WCDA experiment[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2021.
8.	Li, X., Liu, C., Zeng, Z. et al. Simulation and real data analysis of the LHAASO-WCDA dynamic range extension system[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2021.
9.	Zha, M., Wu, H., Yao, Z. et al. Comparison of measured and simulated data with LHAASO-WCDA run data[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2021.
10.	Wang, X.J., Liao, W.Y., Cao, Z. et al. Gamma Hadron separation using single parameter method and multivariate algorithms with LHAASO-WCDA experiment[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2019.
11.	Zha, M., Wu, H., Yao, Z. et al. Comparison of measured and simulated data with LHAASO-WCDA run data[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2019.
12.	Li, X., Liu, C., Zeng, Z. et al. Simulation and real data analysis of the LHAASO-WCDA dynamic range extension system[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2019.
13.	Wang, X.-J., Yao, Z.-G., Zha, M. et al. Trigger and noise filtering algorithms for the LHAASO water Cherenkov detector array[J]. Radiation Detection Technology and Methods, 2017, 1(2): 14. doi: 10.1007/s41605-017-0015-1
14.	Li, H.C., Yao, Z.G., Chen, M.J. et al. Study on single-channel signals of water Cherenkov detector array for the LHAASO project[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2017.02.055
15.	Li, X., Liu, C., Ding, X. et al. Simulation of the dynamic range extension system for the LHAASO-WCDA experiment[J]. Proceedings of Science, 2017. doi: 10.22323/1.301.0381

Get Citation

Hui-Cai Li, Zhi-Guo Yao, Chun-Xu Yu, Ming-Jun Chen, Han-Rong Wu, Min Zha, Bo Gao, Xiao-Jie Wang, Jin-Yan Liu and Wen-Ying Liao. A method to monitor and measure the water transparency in LHAASO-WCDA using cosmic muon signals[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(2): 026002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/2/026002

RIS(for EndNote,Reference Manager,ProCite)

BibTex

Txt

Milestone

Received: 2016-07-28
Revised: 2016-10-16

Fund

Supported by U1332201, U1532258 and NSFC (11375224, 11675187)

Article Metric

Article Views(2313)
PDF Downloads(65)
Cited by(15)

Policy on re-use

To reuse of subscription content published by CPC, the users need to request permission from CPC, unless the content was published under an Open Access license which automatically permits that type of reuse.

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

A method to monitor and measure the water transparency in LHAASO-WCDA using cosmic muon signals

Abstract：

References

References

Access

Cited by

Article Metrics

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Email This Article

A method to monitor and measure the water transparency in LHAASO-WCDA using cosmic muon signals

Corresponding author: Hui-Cai Li,

HTML

目录