Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ

Zheng Gao; Yuan He; Xian-Wu Wang; Wei Chang; Rui-Feng Zhang; Zheng-Long Zhu; Sheng-Hu Zhang; Qi Chen; Tom Powers

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/40/5/057005

Chinese Physics C> 2016, Vol. 40> Issue(5) : 057005 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/5/057005

Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ

Zheng Gao ^1,2,, ,
Yuan He ¹ ,
Xian-Wu Wang ¹ ,
Wei Chang ¹ ,
Rui-Feng Zhang ¹ ,
Zheng-Long Zhu ¹ ,
Sheng-Hu Zhang ¹ ,
Qi Chen ^1,2 ,
Tom Powers ³

1.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
4.
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA

Abstract
HTML
Reference
Related

PDF

Abstract：
Significant transient beam loading effects were observed during beam commissioning tests of prototype Ⅱ of the injector for the accelerator driven sub-critical(ADS) system, which took place at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, between October and December 2014. During these tests experiments were performed with continuous wave(CW) operation of the cavities with pulsed beam current, and the system was configured to make use of a prototype digital low level radio frequency(LLRF) controller. The system was originally operated in pulsed mode with a simple proportional plus integral and deviation(PID) feedback control algorithm, which was not able to maintain the desired gradient regulation during pulsed 10 mA beam operations. A unique simple transient beam loading compensation method which made use of a combination of proportional and integral(PI) feedback and feedforward control algorithm was implemented in order to significantly reduce the beam induced transient effect in the cavity gradients. The superconducting cavity field variation was reduced to less than 1.7% after turning on this control algorithm. The design and experimental results of this system are presented in this paper.
- beam loading ,
- LLRF ,
- feedforward ,
- cavity ,
- FPGA

References

[1]	Z. J. Wang et al, Chinese Physics C, 36(3):256(2012)
[2]	F. Yan, et al, Chinese Physics C, 38(2):027004(2014)
[3]	Y. He et al, Progress of one of 10 MeV superconducting proton linear injectors for C-ADS, in:Proceedings of LINAC2012
[4]	X. Wu et al, End-To-End beam simulations for C-ADS Injector Ⅱ, in:Proceedings of IPAC2013
[5]	Thomas Wangler, Principles of RF Linear Accelerators, A Wiley-Interscience Publication, New York:1998, p. 295
[6]	C. Schmidt et al, Recent Developments of the European XFEL LLRF System, in:Proceedings of IPAC2013
[7]	K. Fong et al, Status of RF Control System for ISAC Ⅱ Superconducting Cavities, in:Proceedings of LINAC 2004
[8]	Y. B. Zhao et al, Chinese Physics C, 32(9):758(2008)
[9]	T. Plawski et al, LLRF system for the CEBAF separator upgrade, in:Proceedings of LINAC2014
[10]	M. Champion et al, The spallation neutron source accelerator low level RF control system, in:Proceedings of PAC2003
[11]	S. Kwon et al, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 482:12-31(2002)
[12]	X. Li et al, High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 25(10):2671(2013)(in Chinese)
[13]	M. Liepe et al, Adaptive Feed Forward for Digital RF Control System for the TESLA Test Facility, in:Proceedings of EPAC1998
[14]	L. H. Wen et al, Chinese Physics C, 37(8):087004(2013)
[15]	Merrill Skolnik, Radar Handbook, Third Edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008, Chapter 25

[1]	Wei Li , Hao Hao , Stepan F. Mikhailov , Victor Popov , Wei-Min Li , Ying. K. Wu . Compensation for booster leakage field in the Duke storage ring. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(1): 017002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/1/017002
[2]	Ran Huang , Yuan He , Zhi-Jun Wang , Wei-Ming Yue , An-Dong Wu , Yue Tao , Qiong Yang , Cong Zhang , Hong-Wei Zhao , Zhi-Hui Li . Analytical solution to the transient beam loading effects of a superconducting cavity. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(10): 107001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/10/107001
[3]	Min Li , Lei Zhao , Jin-Xin Liu , Yi-Ming Lu , Shu-Bin Liu , Qi An . The trigger system for the external target experiment in the HIRFL cooling storage ring. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(8): 086102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/8/086102
[4]	Nan Gan , Rong Liu , Xin-Peng Ma , Yun-Long Chi . Design and evaluation of a downconverter based on MicroTCA.4. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(7): 077004. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/7/077004
[5]	Jing Wang , Jian-Long Huang , Xiao-Qi Zhang , Bin Zhang , Yuan He , Zhou-Li Zhang , Ai-Min Shi . Frequency tuning with RFQ temperature in China ADS Injector Ⅱ. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(3): 037003. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/3/037003
[6]	Zhou Xue , Jian-Ping Dai , Cai Meng . A new method for compensation and rematch of cavity failure in the C-ADS linac. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(6): 067003. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/6/067003
[7]	LI Xiao , SUN Hong , LONG Wei , ZHAO Fa-Cheng , ZHANG Chun-Lin . Design and performance of the LLRF system for CSNS/RCS. Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39(2): 027002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/2/027002
[8]	FAN Huan-Huan , CAO Ping , LIU Shu-Bin , AN Qi . TOT measurement implemented in FPGA TDC. Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39(11): 116101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/11/116101
[9]	YUAN Yao-Shuo , LI Kai-Wei , WANG Na , Yoshiro Irie , WANG Sheng . Study of the beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS. Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39(4): 047003. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/4/047003
[10]	SHEN Qi , ZHAO Lei , LIU Shu-Bin , LIAO Sheng-Kai , QI Bin-Xiang , HU Xue-Ye , PENG Cheng-Zhi , AN Qi . A fast improved fat tree encoder for wave union TDC in an FPGA. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(10): 106102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/10/106102
[11]	WEN Liang-Hua , WANG Xian-Wu , HE Yuan , CHANG Wei , ZHANG Rui-Feng , ZHANG Sheng-Hu , ZHU Zheng-Long , LI Chun-Long , SHI Long-Bo , ZHANG Rui . R&D of an LLRF control system for a 162.5 MHz radio frequency system. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(8): 087004. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/8/087004
[12]	SU Jia-Hang , DU Ying-Chao , HUA Jian-Fei , ZHENG Shu-Xin , QIU Jia-Qi , YANG Jin , HUANG Wen-Hui , CHEN Huai-Bi , TANG Chuan-Xiang . Design and cold test of a rectangular cavity beam position monitor. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(1): 017002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/1/017002
[13]	M. Y&#0 , maz . DTL cavity design and beam dynamics for a TAC linear proton accelerator. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(2): 167-172. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/2/012
[14]	JI Da-Heng , WANG Chun-Xi , QIN Qing . MIA analysis of FPGA BPMs and beam optics at APS. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(11): 1120-1125. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/11/015
[15]	LI Xiang , ZHENG Shu-Xin . Design and experiments for the waveguide to coaxial cable adapter of a cavity beam position monitor. Chinese Physics C, 2011, 35(1): 79-82. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/35/1/016
[16]	LI Xiang , ZHENG Shu-Xin . Simulation and experiments for the Q_ext of a cavity beam position monitor. Chinese Physics C, 2010, 34(3): 405-408. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/34/3/020
[17]	LIU Rong , WANG Zheng , PAN Wei-Min , WANG Guang-Wei , LIN Hai-Ying , SHA Peng , ZENG Ri-Hua . FPGA-based amplitude and phase detection in DLLRF. Chinese Physics C, 2009, 33(7): 594-598. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/33/7/017
[18]	ZHAO Yu-Bin , YIN Cheng-Ke , ZHANG Tong-Xuan , FU Ze-Chuan , ZHAO Zhen-Tang , DAI Zhi-Min , LIU Jian-Fei , WANG Fang . Digital prototype of LLRF system for SSRF. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(9): 758-760. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/32/9/015
[19]	CHEN Yi-Xin , LIANG Hao , XUE Jun-Dong , HOU Long , LIU Bao-Ying , LOU Qiang , YU Xiao-Qi , ZHOU You-Zhao . Irradiation Test of FPGA for BES-Ⅲ. Chinese Physics C, 2005, 29(8): 770-774.
[20]	Huang Yongzhang , Wu Gang . Transient Beam Loading Effect in Constant Gradient Accelerator Structure. Chinese Physics C, 1994, 18(Z1): 113-120.

Access

Get Citation

Zheng Gao, Yuan He, Xian-Wu Wang, Wei Chang, Rui-Feng Zhang, Zheng-Long Zhu, Sheng-Hu Zhang, Qi Chen and Tom Powers. Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(5): 057005. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/5/057005

RIS(for EndNote,Reference Manager,ProCite)

BibTex

Txt

Milestone

Received: 2015-10-22

Fund

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(91426303, 11525523)

Article Metric

Article Views(1969)
PDF Downloads(390)
Cited by(0)

Policy on re-use

To reuse of subscription content published by CPC, the users need to request permission from CPC, unless the content was published under an Open Access license which automatically permits that type of reuse.

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ

Corresponding author: Zheng Gao,

1. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

3. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

4. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA

Received Date: 2015-10-22

Available Online: 2016-05-05

Fund Project: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(91426303, 11525523)

Abstract: Significant transient beam loading effects were observed during beam commissioning tests of prototype Ⅱ of the injector for the accelerator driven sub-critical(ADS) system, which took place at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, between October and December 2014. During these tests experiments were performed with continuous wave(CW) operation of the cavities with pulsed beam current, and the system was configured to make use of a prototype digital low level radio frequency(LLRF) controller. The system was originally operated in pulsed mode with a simple proportional plus integral and deviation(PID) feedback control algorithm, which was not able to maintain the desired gradient regulation during pulsed 10 mA beam operations. A unique simple transient beam loading compensation method which made use of a combination of proportional and integral(PI) feedback and feedforward control algorithm was implemented in order to significantly reduce the beam induced transient effect in the cavity gradients. The superconducting cavity field variation was reduced to less than 1.7% after turning on this control algorithm. The design and experimental results of this system are presented in this paper.

HTML

Reference (15)

Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ

Abstract：

References

Access

Article Metrics

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Email This Article