Quark confinement, new cosmic expansion and general Yang-Mills symmetry

Jong-Ping Hsu

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/1/015101

Chinese Physics C> 2017, Vol. 41> Issue(1) : 015101 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/1/015101

Quark confinement, new cosmic expansion and general Yang-Mills symmetry

Jong-Ping Hsu ^,

1.
Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA 02747-2300, USA

Abstract
HTML
Reference
Related

PDF

Abstract：
We discuss a unified model of quark confinement and new cosmic expansion with linear potentials based on a general (SU₃)_color×(U₁)_baryon symmetry. The phase functions in the usual gauge transformations are generalized to new ‘action integrals’. The general Yang-Mills transformations have group properties and reduce to usual gauge transformations in special cases. Both quarks and ‘gauge bosons’ are permanently confined by linear potentials. In this unified model of particle-cosmology, physics in the largest cosmos and that in the smallest quark system appear to both be dictated by the general Yang-Mills symmetry and characterized by a universal length. The basic force between two baryons is independent of distance. However, the cosmic repulsive force exerted on a baryonic supernova by a uniform sphere of galaxies is proportional to the distance from the center of the sphere. The new general Yang-Mills field may give a field-theoretic explanation of the accelerated cosmic expansion. The prediction could be tested experimentally by measuring the frequency shifts of supernovae at different distances.
- general Yang-Mills symmetry ,
- particle-cosmology ,
- confining quark potentials ,
- accelerated expansion

References

[1]	T D Lee, Particle Physics and Introduction to Field Theory, Harwood Academic Publishers, 1981. ch. 10
[2]	J P Hsu, Mod. Phys. Letts. A, 20:2855(2005)
[3]	J P Hsu, Cottrell K O, Chinese Phys. C. 39:(10) 105101(2015)
[4]	J P Hsu, Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 129:108(2014)
[5]	W Yourgrau, S Mandelstam, Variational Principles in Dynamics and Quantum Theory, Dover, 3rd ed, 1979. 50
[6]	A Pais and G E Uhlenbeck, Phys. Rev. 79:145(1950)
[7]	L Landau, E Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields, Addison-Wesley, 1951. 29
[8]	K Huang, Quarks, Leptons and Gauge Fields. Singapore:World Scientific, 1982. 241-249.
[9]	B W Lee, Zinn-Justin J, Phys. Rev., 7:1047(1973)
[10]	E Eichten, K Gottfried, T Kinoshita, J Kogut, K D Lane, T-Y Yan, Phys. Rev. Lett., 34:369(1975)
[11]	I M Gel' fand, G E Shilov, Generalized Functions Vol. 1, New York:Academic Press, 1964. 363
[12]	G R Fowles, G L Cassiday, Analytical Mechanics. Thomson, 2005. 223-225
[13]	K C Chou, Y L Wu, Phys. Rev. D, 53:R3492(1996)
[14]	S Weinberg, The Quantum Theory of Fields Vol. 2. London:Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996. 152-157
[15]	J P Hsu, L Hsu, Space-Time Symmetry and Quantum Yang-Mills Gravity, Singapore:World Scientific, 2013. 214-215, 225
[16]	L Hsu and J P Hsu, In:Proc. of the Twelfth Asia-Pacific Int. Conf. on Gravitation and Astrophysics, Singapore:World Scientific, 2016. eds. V Melnikov and J P Hsu. 3, 369
[17]	T Y Xia, Y Zhang, Phys. Lett. B, 656:19(2007)
[18]	See, for example, N Okabe, et al, Astrophys. J. Letts, 769 ID.35(2013)
[19]	J P Hsu, Z H Ning, In:Gravitation and Astrophysics, Proc. of the VII Asia-Pacific Int. Conf., Singapore:World Scientific, 2007. eds. J M Nester, C M Chen, J P Hsu. 79-86

[1]	Andrea Addazi , Pietro Donà , Antonino Marcianò . Dynamical interactions of dark energy and dark matter: Yang-Mills condensate and QCD axions. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(7): 075102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/7/075102
[2]	Jun-Gao Zhu , Kun Zhu , Li Tao , Xiao-Han Xu , Chen Lin , Wen-Jun Ma , Hai-Yang Lu , Yan-Ying Zhao , Yuan-Rong Lu , Jia-Er Chen , Xue-Qing Yan . Distribution uniformity of laser-accelerated proton beams. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(9): 097001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/9/097001
[3]	Yacine Bouguerra , Mustapha Maamache , Jeong Ryeol Choi . Nonlinear description of Yang-Mills cosmology: cosmic inflation and the accompanying Hannay's angle. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(6): 065103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/6/065103
[4]	. Addendum: Quark Confinement, New Cosmic Expansion and General Yang-Mills Symmetry. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(12): 129102.
[5]	Halife Caglar , Sezgin Aygün . String cloud and domain walls with quark matter for a higher dimensional FRW universe in self creation cosmology. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(4): 045103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/4/045103
[6]	Smruti Patel , P. C. Vinodkumar , Shashank Bhatnagar . Decay rates of charmonia within a quark-antiquark confining potential. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(5): 053102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/5/053102
[7]	ZUO Wei , GAN Sheng-Xin . Single particle potentials of asymmetric nuclear matter in different spin-isospin channels. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(10): 967-972. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/10/009
[8]	HSU Jong-Ping . A model of uni ed quantum chromodynamics and Yang-Mills gravity. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(5): 403-409. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/5/005
[9]	WANG Dian-Fu , SUN Xiao-Yu , CHANG Xiao-Jing . Dynamical CP violation of the generalized Yang-Mills model. Chinese Physics C, 2011, 35(2): 130-134. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/35/2/004
[10]	Li Panlin , Wu Hua , Xu Mengjie . Dynamics of Phase Transition Including Quark-Fragment Effects for an Expansion Quark-Gluon Plasma. Chinese Physics C, 1997, 21(S4): 55-64.
[11]	Zhao Liu . Hamiltonian Reductions of Supersymmetric Self-Dual Yang-Mills Fields. Chinese Physics C, 1994, 18(2): 119-126.
[12]	Zhao Liu . Supersymmetric Self-Dual Yang-Mills Fields. Chinese Physics C, 1994, 18(1): 20-26.
[13]	Shen Pengnian , Shen Xiaoyan , Zhang Zongye , Yu Youwen . Equivalent Local N-Y Potentials with S=-1 in Quark Cluster Model. Chinese Physics C, 1993, 17(S4): 371-379.
[14]	Zhao Liu . Hamiltonian Reductions of Supersymmetric Self-Dual Yang-Mills Model. Chinese Physics C, 1993, 17(S4): 361-369.
[15]	Zhao Liu . Supersymmetrization of Self-Dual Yang-Mills Theory. Chinese Physics C, 1993, 17(S4): 347-353.
[16]	Li Fubin . A Study on the Complete Integrability of the SU(2) and SU(3) Self-Dual Yang-Mills Source-Free Field Equation System. Chinese Physics C, 1992, 16(S2): 155-161.
[17]	LI Fu-Bin . Description of the Complete Integrability of the SU(2) and SU(3) Self-Dual Yang-Mills Source-Free Field Equations System and Further Discussions. Chinese Physics C, 1992, 16(5): 408-413.
[18]	LI ZI-PING . LAGRANGIAN MULTIPLIER AND MASSIVE YANG-MILLS FIELDS YANG-MILLS FIELDS. Chinese Physics C, 1982, 6(5): 555-559.
[19]	WU YONG-SHI . THE HOLONOMY FUNCTIONAL FORMULATION OF YANG-MILLS FIELD EQUATIONS. Chinese Physics C, 1979, 3(3): 382-386.
[20]	WU YONG-SHI , LEE HWA-CHUNG , KUO SHUO-HUNG , HSEEN TING-CHANG . ON A PSEUDO-PARTICLE SOLUTION OF THE YANG-MILLS FIELD. Chinese Physics C, 1978, 2(4): 371-373.

Access

Get Citation

Jong-Ping Hsu. Quark confinement, new cosmic expansion and general Yang-Mills symmetry[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(1): 015101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/1/015101

Jong-Ping Hsu. Quark confinement, new cosmic expansion and general Yang-Mills symmetry[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(1): 015101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/1/015101 shu

RIS(for EndNote,Reference Manager,ProCite)

BibTex

Txt

Milestone

Received: 2016-02-17
Revised: 2016-07-12

Fund

Supported in part by the Jingshin Resealch Fund of the UMassD Foundation

Article Metric

Article Views(1657)
PDF Downloads(64)
Cited by(0)

Policy on re-use

To reuse of subscription content published by CPC, the users need to request permission from CPC, unless the content was published under an Open Access license which automatically permits that type of reuse.

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Quark confinement, new cosmic expansion and general Yang-Mills symmetry

Corresponding author: Jong-Ping Hsu, jhsu@umassd.edu

1. Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA 02747-2300, USA

Received Date: 2016-02-17

Accepted Date: 2016-07-12

Available Online: 2017-01-05

Fund Project: Supported in part by the Jingshin Resealch Fund of the UMassD Foundation

Abstract: We discuss a unified model of quark confinement and new cosmic expansion with linear potentials based on a general (SU₃)_color×(U₁)_baryon symmetry. The phase functions in the usual gauge transformations are generalized to new ‘action integrals’. The general Yang-Mills transformations have group properties and reduce to usual gauge transformations in special cases. Both quarks and ‘gauge bosons’ are permanently confined by linear potentials. In this unified model of particle-cosmology, physics in the largest cosmos and that in the smallest quark system appear to both be dictated by the general Yang-Mills symmetry and characterized by a universal length. The basic force between two baryons is independent of distance. However, the cosmic repulsive force exerted on a baryonic supernova by a uniform sphere of galaxies is proportional to the distance from the center of the sphere. The new general Yang-Mills field may give a field-theoretic explanation of the accelerated cosmic expansion. The prediction could be tested experimentally by measuring the frequency shifts of supernovae at different distances.

HTML

Reference (19)

Quark confinement, new cosmic expansion and general Yang-Mills symmetry

Abstract：

References

Access

Article Metrics

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Email This Article