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                                 Abstract:The functional formalism for the effective potential is briefly reviewed for the case of a scalar field theory by using the method of steepest descents.This formalism is then applied to quantum electrodynamics and an integral expression is derived for the effective potential in the one-loop approximation.This expression is used to verify the absence of spontaneous symmetry breakdown for quantum electrodynamics in one space and one time dimension.
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                        References
	
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